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Question:

If A = {4n - 3n - 1: n ∈ N} and B = {9(n - 1): n ∈ N}, then we have

Answer:

Let xn = {4n - 3n - 1: n ∈ N}

Now x1 = 41 - 3 * 1 - 1 = 4 - 4 = 0

For n ≥ 2, we have

      xn = 4n - 3n - 1

=> xn = (3 + 1)n - 3n - 1

=> xn = nC0nC1 * 3 + nC2 * 32 + ............+ nCn * 3n - 3n - 1

=> xn = 1 + 3n + nC2 * 32 + ............+ nCn * 3n - 3n - 1

=> xn = nC2 * 32 + ............+ nCn * 3n 

=> xn = 32nC2  + ............+ nCn * 3n-2 )

=> xn = 9( nC2  + ............+ nCn * 3n-2 )

Thus, xn is some positive integral multiple of 9 for n ≥ 2

Hence, A consists of all positive integral multiple of 9 of the form 

9( nC2  + ............+ nCn * 3n-2 ) together with 0

Now B = {9(n - 1): n ∈ N}

This shows that B consists of all integral nultiple of 9 together with 0

In fact, we have

A = {0, 9, 54, 243, ......}

B = {0, 9, 18, 27, 36, 54, ......}

Thus x ⊂ Y

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